/* Ran Chen — cool paper, Northwestern purple, and the neutrino Sun. */
:root {
  --paper:#f7f6fa;
  --ink:#292334;
  --muted:#686270;
  --purple:#67508b;
  --line:#dfdbe6;
  --tint:#eeebf3;
  --white:#fff;
  --display:'Avenir Next','Trebuchet MS',sans-serif;
  --body:'Avenir Next','Segoe UI',sans-serif;
  --serif:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;
}
* {
  box-sizing:border-box;
}
html {
  scroll-behavior:smooth;
  scroll-padding-top:110px;
}
body {
  margin:0;
  background:var(--paper);
  color:var(--ink);
  font-family:var(--body);
  font-size:15px;
  line-height:1.75;
  -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;
}
a {
  color:inherit;
  text-decoration:none;
}
a,button,summary {
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;
}
a:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible {
  outline:3px solid var(--purple);
  outline-offset:6px;
  border-radius:3px;
}
::selection {
  background:#dcd1ed;
  color:var(--ink);
}
h1,h2,h3,p,figure {
  margin:0;
}
h1,h2,h3 {
  font-family:var(--display);
  line-height:1.2;
  letter-spacing:-.04em;
  font-weight:500;
}
h2 {
  font-size:34px;
}
h3 {
  font-size:30px;
}
em {
  font-family:var(--serif);
  font-weight:400;
  color:var(--purple);
}
img {
  max-width:100%;
  display:block;
}
p {
  color:var(--muted);
}
.page-wrap,.nav-wrap,.site-footer {
  width:min(1160px,calc(100% - 96px));
  margin-inline:auto;
}
.skip-link {
  position:fixed;
  z-index:20;
  top:-100px;
  left:20px;
  padding:10px 20px;
  background:var(--white);
}
.skip-link:focus {
  top:12px;
}
.site-header {
  position:sticky;
  top:0;
  z-index:10;
  background:rgba(247,246,250,.96);
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
  backdrop-filter:blur(12px);
}
.nav-wrap {
  min-height:88px;
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:space-between;
  gap:32px;
}
.wordmark {
  font-size:38px;
  font-weight:600;
  letter-spacing:-4px;
  line-height:1;
}
.wordmark span {
  color:var(--purple);
}
nav {
  display:flex;
  gap:30px;
  margin-left:auto;
}
nav a,.nav-contact {
  font-size:13px;
  font-weight:500;
}
nav a {
  color:var(--muted);
  padding:8px 0;
}
nav a:hover,nav a[aria-current],.text-link:hover,.footer-bottom a:hover {
  color:var(--purple);
}
nav a[aria-current] {
  box-shadow:0 1px var(--purple);
}
.nav-contact {
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:6px;
  padding:8px 17px;
}
.nav-contact span {
  margin-left:20px;
}
.nav-contact:hover {
  background:var(--tint);
}
.hero {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1.15fr 1fr;
  gap:80px;
  align-items:center;
  padding:76px 0 66px;
}
.eyebrow {
  font-size:10px;
  letter-spacing:.14em;
  line-height:1.6;
  font-weight:600;
  color:var(--purple);
}
.affiliation {
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:9px;
  letter-spacing:.09em;
}
.status-dot {
  height:6px;
  width:6px;
  flex:none;
  background:var(--purple);
  border-radius:50%;
}
.hero h1 {
  font-size:25px;
  margin-top:28px;
  letter-spacing:-.035em;
}
.hero h1 strong {
  font-weight:600;
}
.hero-thesis {
  font-family:var(--display);
  font-size:clamp(40px,4.3vw,58px);
  line-height:1.15;
  letter-spacing:-.05em;
  color:var(--ink);
  margin-top:20px;
}
.hero-thesis em {
  letter-spacing:-.04em;
}
.hero-description {
  font-size:16px;
  line-height:1.8;
  max-width:410px;
  margin-top:26px;
}
.hero-actions {
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:25px;
  margin-top:30px;
}
.button {
  display:inline-flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:center;
  gap:28px;
  border:1px solid transparent;
  padding:12px 21px;
  border-radius:5px;
  font-size:12px;
  font-weight:500;
  transition:background .2s,transform .2s;
}
.button.primary {
  background:var(--purple);
  color:var(--white);
}
.button:hover {
  background:#50396f;
  transform:translateY(-2px);
}
.text-link {
  font-size:12px;
  font-weight:500;
  display:inline-flex;
  gap:16px;
  align-items:center;
}
.hero-note {
  font-size:11px;
  margin-top:22px;
  color:var(--muted);
}
.sun-figure {
  background:var(--white);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:10px;
  padding:17px;
  box-shadow:0 16px 50px #37224608;
  transform:rotate(2deg);
}
.figure-heading {
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:space-between;
  font-size:9px;
  font-weight:600;
  letter-spacing:.13em;
  padding:0 1px 12px;
  color:var(--muted);
}
.figure-heading>span:last-child {
  font-family:var(--serif);
  font-style:italic;
  font-size:20px;
  line-height:1;
  color:var(--purple);
}
.sun-image {
  position:relative;
  overflow:hidden;
  border-radius:4px;
  background:#140705;
}
.sun-image img {
  width:100%;
  height:auto;
  aspect-ratio:461/452;
  object-fit:cover;
}
.image-label {
  position:absolute;
  left:16px;
  bottom:13px;
  font-size:8px;
  letter-spacing:.16em;
  color:#fff;
  opacity:.8;
}
.sun-figure figcaption {
  display:flex;
  flex-direction:column;
  padding:13px 1px 0;
  gap:8px;
  font-size:10px;
}
.figure-title {
  font-family:var(--serif);
  font-size:16px;
  line-height:1.2;
  font-weight:600;
  color:var(--ink);
}
.sun-story {
  margin:0;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:11px;
  line-height:1.55;
}
.sun-fact {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:64px 1fr;
  gap:10px;
  align-items:start;
  border-block:1px solid var(--line);
  padding:9px 0;
}
.sun-fact strong {
  color:var(--signal);
  font-family:var(--serif);
  font-size:17px;
  line-height:1;
  white-space:nowrap;
}
.sun-fact span {
  color:var(--ink);
  font-size:9.5px;
  line-height:1.45;
}
.sun-bridge {
  margin:0;
  padding-left:10px;
  border-left:2px solid var(--signal);
  color:var(--purple);
  font-family:var(--serif);
  font-size:11px;
  font-style:italic;
  line-height:1.5;
}
.figure-source {
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:9.5px;
}
.figure-source:hover {
  text-decoration:underline;
}
.interest-strip {
  display:flex;
  justify-content:space-between;
  align-items:center;
  gap:20px;
  border-block:1px solid var(--line);
  padding:21px 0;
  color:var(--muted);
  font-size:12px;
}
.interest-strip>span:first-child {
  font-size:9px;
  letter-spacing:.14em;
  color:var(--purple);
}
.interest-strip>span:not(:first-child)::before {
  content:'·';
  color:#ab9abf;
  margin-right:18px;
}
.section {
  padding:76px 0;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.about-section {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1fr 1.45fr;
  gap:90px;
}
.section-heading h2 {
  margin-top:19px;
  line-height:1.4;
  font-size:32px;
}
.about-copy p+p {
  margin-top:17px;
}
.about-copy .lead {
  font-size:19px;
  color:var(--ink);
  line-height:1.7;
}
.about-copy>p:not(.lead) {
  font-size:14px;
}
.about-more {
  margin-top:22px;
  font-size:14px;
}
.about-more summary {
  cursor:pointer;
  list-style:none;
  display:flex;
  justify-content:space-between;
  align-items:center;
  font-size:12px;
  font-weight:500;
  color:var(--purple);
  padding:10px 0;
}
.about-more summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  display:none;
}
.about-more summary span {
  font-size:20px;
  transition:transform .2s;
}
.about-more[open] summary span {
  transform:rotate(45deg);
}
.about-more[open] summary {
  margin-bottom:16px;
}
.section-top {
  display:flex;
  align-items:flex-end;
  justify-content:space-between;
  gap:30px;
  margin-bottom:30px;
}
.section-top h2 {
  margin-top:12px;
}
.section-top>p {
  font-size:12px;
}
.research-grid {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;
  gap:24px;
}
.research-card {
  padding:28px 30px;
  background:var(--white);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:8px;
  display:flex;
  flex-direction:column;
  align-items:flex-start;
  transition:border-color .2s,box-shadow .2s;
}
.research-card:hover {
  border-color:#baabc9;
  box-shadow:0 8px 24px #37224606;
}
.research-card-top {
  display:flex;
  justify-content:space-between;
  align-items:center;
  gap:20px;
  width:100%;
}
.pill {
  display:inline-block;
  padding:3px 9px;
  background:var(--tint);
  color:var(--purple);
  border-radius:4px;
  font-size:9px;
  font-weight:500;
  letter-spacing:.08em;
}
.date {
  font-size:10px;
  color:var(--muted);
}
.experiment-logo {
  height:120px;
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  margin:18px 0 10px;
}
.experiment-logo img {
  width:160px;
  height:100px;
  object-fit:contain;
  object-position:left center;
}
.research-card p {
  font-size:14px;
  line-height:1.85;
  margin-top:15px;
  max-width:440px;
}
.card-link {
  display:flex;
  justify-content:space-between;
  width:100%;
  font-size:12px;
  font-weight:500;
  margin-top:auto;
  padding-top:28px;
  color:var(--purple);
}
.card-link:hover {
  text-decoration:underline;
}
.reference-row {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1fr 105px 20px;
  gap:25px;
  align-items:center;
  padding:24px 0;
  border-top:1px solid var(--line);
  transition:color .2s,background .2s;
}
.reference-row:hover {
  color:var(--purple);
  background:var(--tint);
}
.reference-title {
  font-size:15px;
  line-height:1.6;
  max-width:860px;
}
.reference-type {
  font-size:9px;
  letter-spacing:.09em;
  color:var(--muted);
  text-align:right;
}
.row-arrow {
  color:var(--purple);
  font-size:19px;
}
.beyond-banner {
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:30px;
  margin:64px 0 76px;
  padding:35px;
  border-radius:8px;
  background:var(--tint);
}
.beyond-banner h2 {
  font-size:25px;
  margin:8px 0;
}
.beyond-banner p:not(.eyebrow) {
  font-size:12px;
}
.beyond-banner>.text-link {
  margin-left:auto;
  white-space:nowrap;
}
.go-symbol {
  position:relative;
  flex:0 0 75px;
  height:70px;
}
.go-symbol i {
  position:absolute;
  display:block;
  width:45px;
  height:45px;
  border-radius:50%;
  background:var(--ink);
  left:0;
  top:0;
  box-shadow:1px 4px 5px #29233420;
}
.go-symbol i+i {
  left:26px;
  top:25px;
  background:#fff;
  border:1px solid var(--line);
}
.site-footer {
  border-top:1px solid var(--line);
}
.footer-top {
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  justify-content:space-between;
  gap:24px;
  padding:58px 0;
}
.footer-top h2 {
  font-size:34px;
  margin-top:13px;
}
.footer-top p:not(.eyebrow) {
  font-size:12px;
  margin-top:17px;
}
.footer-bottom {
  padding:25px 0 32px;
  border-top:1px solid var(--line);
  display:flex;
  align-items:center;
  gap:24px;
  font-size:10px;
  color:var(--muted);
}
.footer-name {
  font-size:14px;
  font-weight:600;
  color:var(--ink);
}
.footer-bottom>div {
  display:flex;
  gap:25px;
  margin-left:auto;
}
.subpage {
  padding-top:45px;
}
.back-link {
  font-size:12px;
  color:var(--muted);
}
.back-link:hover {
  color:var(--purple);
}
.subpage-heading {
  padding:55px 0 40px;
}
.subpage-heading h1 {
  font-size:58px;
  margin:20px 0;
}
.subpage-heading h1>span {
  color:var(--purple);
}
.subpage-heading>p:not(.eyebrow) {
  max-width:610px;
  font-size:16px;
}
.resource-section {
  padding:25px 0 42px;
}
.resource-section h2 {
  font-size:23px;
  margin-bottom:22px;
}
.subpage .resource-section:last-child {
  margin-bottom:40px;
}
.go-hero {
  display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1.2fr 1fr;
  gap:65px;
  align-items:center;
}
.go-hero h1 {
  font-size:48px;
  line-height:1.2;
}
.go-intro {
  margin:22px 0;
}
.go-photo img {
  width:100%;
  border-radius:6px;
}
.go-photo figcaption {
  font-size:11px;
  color:var(--muted);
  padding-top:12px;
}
.subpage-heading p.small-note {
  font-size:12px;
  margin-top:15px;
}
.go-explanation {
  max-width:720px;
  margin-bottom:30px;
}
.go-hero+.section {
  margin-bottom:64px;
  border-bottom:0;
}
.go-hero+.section h3 {
  margin-top:25px;
}
@media(min-width:1500px) {
  .hero {
    padding-top:100px;
    padding-bottom:90px;
  }
}
@media(max-width:1050px) {
  .page-wrap,.nav-wrap,.site-footer {
    width:calc(100% - 64px);
  }
  .hero {
    gap:40px;
  }
  .hero-actions {
    gap:16px;
  }
  .hero-thesis {
    font-size:45px;
  }
  .affiliation {
    font-size:8px;
  }
  .about-section {
    gap:45px;
  }
  .beyond-banner {
    padding:26px;
    gap:20px;
  }
  .beyond-banner h2 {
    font-size:22px;
  }
  nav {
    gap:20px;
  }
  .go-hero {
    gap:35px;
  }
  .go-hero h1 {
    font-size:40px;
  }
}
@media(max-width:760px) {
  html {
    scroll-padding-top:135px;
  }
  .page-wrap,.nav-wrap,.site-footer {
    width:calc(100% - 40px);
  }
  .nav-wrap {
    min-height:106px;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
    gap:0;
    padding:14px 0 10px;
  }
  .wordmark {
    font-size:32px;
  }
  .nav-contact {
    margin-left:auto;
    padding:5px 12px;
    font-size:11px;
  }
  nav {
    order:3;
    width:100%;
    justify-content:space-between;
    gap:12px;
    margin:12px 0 0;
  }
  nav a {
    font-size:11px;
    padding:3px 0;
  }
  .hero {
    grid-template-columns:1fr;
    gap:42px;
    padding:45px 0 38px;
  }
  .hero h1 {
    font-size:23px;
    margin-top:23px;
  }
  .hero-thesis {
    font-size:clamp(38px,8vw,55px);
  }
  .affiliation {
    font-size:8px;
  }
  .hero-description {
    font-size:15px;
    max-width:460px;
  }
  .hero-actions {
    gap:23px;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
  }
  .sun-figure {
    width:88%;
    max-width:430px;
    justify-self:center;
    transform:rotate(1.5deg);
  }
  .interest-strip {
    flex-wrap:wrap;
    justify-content:flex-start;
    column-gap:20px;
    row-gap:12px;
    font-size:10px;
  }
  .interest-strip>span:first-child {
    width:100%;
    font-size:8px;
  }
  .interest-strip>span:not(:first-child)::before {
    margin-right:10px;
  }
  .section {
    padding:45px 0;
  }
  .about-section {
    grid-template-columns:1fr;
    gap:28px;
  }
  .section-heading h2 {
    font-size:30px;
  }
  .about-copy .lead {
    font-size:17px;
  }
  .section-top {
    align-items:flex-start;
    flex-direction:column;
    gap:15px;
    margin-bottom:25px;
  }
  .section-top h2,h2 {
    font-size:29px;
  }
  .research-grid {
    grid-template-columns:1fr;
    gap:18px;
  }
  .research-card {
    padding:25px;
  }
  .reference-row {
    grid-template-columns:1fr 20px;
    gap:8px 18px;
    padding:21px 0;
  }
  .reference-title {
    font-size:14px;
  }
  .reference-type {
    grid-row:2;
    text-align:left;
    font-size:8px;
  }
  .row-arrow {
    grid-column:2;
    grid-row:1 / 3;
  }
  .beyond-banner {
    margin:40px 0;
    flex-wrap:wrap;
    padding:25px;
    gap:20px;
  }
  .go-symbol {
    flex-basis:55px;
    height:50px;
  }
  .go-symbol i {
    width:32px;
    height:32px;
  }
  .go-symbol i+i {
    left:22px;
    top:20px;
  }
  .beyond-banner>div:nth-child(2) {
    flex:1;
    min-width:190px;
  }
  .beyond-banner h2 {
    font-size:23px;
  }
  .beyond-banner>.text-link {
    margin-left:0;
  }
  .footer-top {
    align-items:flex-start;
    flex-direction:column;
    padding:40px 0;
  }
  .footer-top h2 {
    font-size:30px;
  }
  .footer-bottom {
    flex-wrap:wrap;
    gap:12px;
  }
  .footer-bottom>div {
    width:100%;
    margin-left:0;
    gap:22px;
    margin-top:8px;
  }
  .footer-bottom>span {
    font-size:9px;
  }
  .subpage {
    padding-top:25px;
  }
  .subpage-heading {
    padding:35px 0 30px;
  }
  .subpage-heading h1 {
    font-size:44px;
  }
  .subpage-heading>p:not(.eyebrow) {
    font-size:14px;
  }
  .go-hero {
    grid-template-columns:1fr;
    gap:10px;
  }
  .go-hero h1 {
    font-size:40px;
  }
  .go-photo {
    max-width:480px;
  }
  .resource-section {
    padding:20px 0 25px;
  }
}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior:auto;
  }
  *,*::before,*::after {
    transition:none!important;
    animation:none!important;
  }
}
@media print {
  .site-header,.hero-actions,.hero-note,.beyond-banner,.footer-top,.skip-link {
    display:none;
  }
  body {
    background:white;
    color:black;
  }
  .page-wrap,.site-footer {
    width:100%;
  }
  .hero {
    padding:20px 0;
    gap:30px;
  }
  .section {
    padding:25px 0;
  }
  .sun-figure {
    transform:none;
    box-shadow:none;
  }
  .research-card,.reference-row {
    break-inside:avoid;
  }
  .footer-bottom {
    padding:20px 0;
  }
  a {
    color:inherit;
  }
}

.hero-description a {
  color: var(--purple);
  font-weight: 500;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #ab9abf;
}

.investing-section {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.15fr;
  gap: 90px;
}

.investment-intro h2 {
  margin-top: 19px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  font-size: 34px;
}

.investment-lead {
  margin: 25px 0 24px;
  max-width: 430px;
  font-size: 16px;
}

.investment-lens {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
}

.lens-label {
  padding: 15px 0 10px;
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .14em;
  color: var(--purple);
}

.investment-lens article {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 42px 1fr;
  gap: 18px;
  padding: 22px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.investment-lens article > span {
  padding-top: 3px;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--purple);
}

.investment-lens h3 {
  font-size: 20px;
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
}

.investment-lens article p {
  margin-top: 6px;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .investing-section {
    gap: 45px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .investing-section {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 40px;
  }

  .investment-intro h2 {
    font-size: 30px;
  }
}

.language-switch {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
  color: #aaa3b0;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.language-switch button {
  appearance: none;
  border: 0;
  padding: 5px 2px;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--muted);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 10px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.language-switch button[aria-pressed="true"] {
  color: var(--purple);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.language-switch button:hover {
  color: var(--purple);
}

html[lang="zh-CN"] body {
  font-family: "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei", var(--body);
}

html[lang="zh-CN"] .hero-thesis,
html[lang="zh-CN"] h1,
html[lang="zh-CN"] h2,
html[lang="zh-CN"] h3 {
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
}

html[lang="zh-CN"] .hero-thesis em,
html[lang="zh-CN"] h2 em {
  font-family: "Songti SC", "STSong", var(--serif);
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .language-switch {
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: 13px;
  }

  .nav-contact {
    margin-left: 0;
  }
}

/* Second visual pass: scientific signal → industrial signal. */
:root {
  --paper: #f5f4f8;
  --ink: #19151f;
  --muted: #5f5967;
  --purple: #573777;
  --line: #d8d3de;
  --tint: #ebe7f0;
  --signal: #d94b35;
  --white: #ffffff;
}

body {
  font-size: 16px;
  background-image: radial-gradient(circle at 1px 1px, rgba(87, 55, 119, .055) 1px, transparent 0);
  background-size: 28px 28px;
  background-attachment: fixed;
}

.site-header {
  background: rgba(245, 244, 248, .92);
  border-bottom-color: rgba(87, 55, 119, .16);
}

.nav-wrap {
  min-height: 82px;
}

.wordmark {
  font-size: 41px;
}

nav a {
  position: relative;
  color: #494250;
}

nav a::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 100%;
  bottom: 2px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--signal);
  transition: right .2s ease;
}

nav a:hover::after,
nav a[aria-current]::after {
  right: 0;
}

.nav-contact {
  border-color: #bdb4c6;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .46);
}

.hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: calc(100vh - 82px);
  padding: 58px 0 68px;
  gap: clamp(48px, 7vw, 100px);
}

.hero::before {
  content: 'SIGNAL / THESIS';
  position: absolute;
  left: -33px;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translate(-100%, -50%) rotate(-90deg);
  transform-origin: right center;
  color: #8a8191;
  font-size: 8px;
  letter-spacing: .2em;
}

.affiliation {
  color: var(--signal);
}

.status-dot {
  position: relative;
  background: var(--signal);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(217, 75, 53, .1);
}

.hero h1 {
  margin-top: 31px;
  font-size: 27px;
}

.hero-thesis {
  max-width: 610px;
  margin-top: 25px;
  font-size: clamp(48px, 5vw, 70px);
  line-height: 1.06;
  letter-spacing: -.058em;
}

.hero-description {
  max-width: 510px;
  margin-top: 30px;
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.hero-note {
  color: #746b7d;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
}

.button.primary {
  background: var(--ink);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 22px rgba(25, 21, 31, .12);
}

.button.primary:hover {
  background: var(--purple);
}

.sun-figure {
  position: relative;
  padding: 18px;
  border-color: #cfc7d7;
  box-shadow: 0 32px 90px rgba(38, 25, 50, .13);
  transform: rotate(1.2deg);
}

.sun-figure::before {
  content: 'ν / 01';
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2;
  right: -16px;
  top: 72px;
  padding: 5px 8px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--signal);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 8px;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  transform: rotate(-1.2deg);
}

.figure-heading > span:first-child::before {
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
  width: 5px;
  height: 5px;
  margin-right: 8px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--signal);
  vertical-align: 1px;
}

.sun-image::before,
.sun-image::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 1;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.sun-image::before {
  inset: 13%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, .28);
  border-radius: 50%;
}

.sun-image::after {
  inset: 0;
  background:
    linear-gradient(transparent calc(50% - .5px), rgba(255,255,255,.28) 50%, transparent calc(50% + .5px)),
    linear-gradient(90deg, transparent calc(50% - .5px), rgba(255,255,255,.28) 50%, transparent calc(50% + .5px));
}

.interest-strip {
  margin-inline: calc((1160px - 100vw) / 2);
  padding: 23px max(48px, calc((100vw - 1160px) / 2));
  border: 0;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #eeeaf1;
}

.interest-strip > span:first-child {
  color: #f17b68;
}

.interest-strip > span:not(:first-child)::before {
  color: var(--signal);
}

.section {
  padding: 92px 0;
}

.investing-section {
  position: relative;
  grid-template-columns: .92fr 1.25fr;
  gap: 108px;
}

.investing-section::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 41%;
  top: 92px;
  bottom: 92px;
  width: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(var(--signal), var(--line) 38%, transparent);
}

.investment-intro h2 {
  margin-top: 23px;
  font-size: 42px;
  line-height: 1.24;
}

.investment-lead {
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.9;
}

.investment-lens {
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
}

.lens-label {
  padding: 13px 0 15px;
  color: var(--signal);
}

.investment-lens article {
  grid-template-columns: 78px 1fr;
  gap: 22px;
  padding: 28px 17px 28px 0;
  transition: padding .2s ease, background .2s ease;
}

.investment-lens article:hover {
  padding-left: 17px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .66);
}

.investment-lens article > span {
  padding-top: 5px;
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-style: normal;
  font-size: 9px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .13em;
  color: var(--signal);
}

.investment-lens h3 {
  font-size: 25px;
}

.investment-lens article p {
  max-width: 560px;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.about-section {
  position: relative;
  grid-template-columns: .82fr 1.45fr;
  gap: 112px;
}

.about-section::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: -32px;
  top: 72px;
  bottom: 72px;
  width: 4px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  background: var(--signal);
}

.about-copy .lead {
  font-size: 23px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.research-card {
  border-color: #cfc8d7;
  box-shadow: 0 14px 45px rgba(32, 24, 41, .055);
}

.research-card-top .date {
  color: var(--signal);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: .03em;
}

.reference-row {
  border-top-color: #cec8d5;
}

.reference-row:hover {
  padding-inline: 14px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, .7);
}

.footer-top {
  padding-block: 72px;
}

@media (max-width: 1255px) {
  .interest-strip {
    margin-inline: calc((100vw - (100% + 96px)) / -2);
    padding-inline: 48px;
  }

  .hero::before {
    display: none;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .hero-thesis {
    font-size: clamp(45px, 5.2vw, 58px);
  }

  .investing-section {
    gap: 60px;
  }

  .investing-section::after {
    display: none;
  }

  .about-section {
    gap: 60px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  body {
    background-size: 22px 22px;
  }

  .nav-wrap {
    min-height: 104px;
  }

  .hero {
    min-height: auto;
    padding: 48px 0 50px;
  }

  .hero-thesis {
    font-size: clamp(42px, 11.5vw, 56px);
    line-height: 1.09;
  }

  .hero-description {
    font-size: 16px;
  }

  .sun-figure::before {
    right: -10px;
  }

  .interest-strip {
    margin-inline: -20px;
    padding-inline: 20px;
  }

  .section {
    padding: 62px 0;
  }

  .investing-section,
  .about-section {
    gap: 48px;
  }

  .investment-intro h2 {
    font-size: 35px;
  }

  .investment-lens article {
    grid-template-columns: 62px 1fr;
  }

  .about-section::before {
    left: -20px;
    top: 54px;
    bottom: 54px;
    width: 3px;
  }

  .about-copy .lead {
    font-size: 20px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .investing-section,
  .about-section {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

.section-deck {
  margin-top: 9px;
  font-size: 13px;
}

.reference-copy {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 7px;
}

.reference-summary {
  max-width: 760px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.reference-type strong {
  display: block;
  color: var(--signal);
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: 19px;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -.03em;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .reference-summary {
    font-size: 12px;
  }

  .reference-type strong {
    display: inline;
    margin-right: 3px;
    font-size: 15px;
  }
}

.publication-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-end;
  gap: 7px;
}

.citation-source {
  color: #89818f;
  font-size: 9px;
  letter-spacing: .05em;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .publication-links {
    align-items: flex-start;
  }
}

#publications .reference-summary {
  max-width: 690px;
  line-height: 1.75;
}

#publications .reference-type strong {
  color: var(--signal);
  font-size: 9px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  letter-spacing: .08em;
}